Make vs n8n: self-hosted automation compared

n8n doesn’t charge your sales tax — its merchant of record does

n8n doesn’t itself collect sales tax: Paddle, acting as merchant of record, does that instead, with prices quoted tax-exclusive, the customer named liable, and Enterprise terms additionally requiring a gross-up on withholding tax. Make instead sells under its own name, Celonis, Inc., charging sales tax due upfront with exemption available only on request, while its own pages separately claim an ISO 27001 certification that belongs to Celonis SE, its parent, not to Make itself. Scope compared, criterion by criterion. Checked 7 September 2026.

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n8n vs Make: scope compared, criterion by criterion — checked September 7, 2026
n8nMake
What the tool answers
What it measures or produces
n8n's object is the “workflow,” a chain of connected nodes that moves and transforms data between applications; each run of it is called an “execution.”Make orchestrates scenarios (automated workflows) built from modules that process bundles (data packets): the unit of work is the module run against a bundle, not a dashboard or report.
The job it equips
The vendor describes two roles: the “builder,” who builds and runs workflows in the editor, and the “instance owner / admin,” for whom Insights gives visibility into their performance over time.The day-to-day user builds and runs scenarios in the visual builder; only the owner, admin and app dev organization roles can install and administer technical components (on-premise agent), and app dev builds custom apps.
What it cannot tell you
n8n is not a durable record of its executions: logs are pruned after a set time or once a storage cap is hit. Saved-execution cap: 2,500 on Starter, 25,000 on Pro, 50,000 on Enterprise.Make can only report what its own log shows, and only if allowed. Retention: 7 days (Free), 30 (Core/Pro/Teams), 60 (Enterprise). The “Keep data confidential” setting drops the data but still shows a run happened.
Wiring the tools together
Number of apps
Vendor figures diverge: “2147 integrations” (integrations page, 07/09/2026) vs “hundreds of nodes” (docs), no total. Not adjudicating. Sheets: ten operations; Analytics: two; HTTP Request covers the rest, universal.Contradiction on app count: the directory advertises 3,000+ (counter 3604 on 2026-09-07), but the product description says “1000+ standard apps.” Verified: Google Sheets, Slack, OpenAI (ChatGPT, Sora, Whisper).
Billing unit
Billed unit: the execution, not the step — forty nodes or two = one execution. Only production runs count: schedule on every fire, webhook on every request, polling only if new data. Not counted: manual, sub-workflows, error runs.Credits since 2025-08-27 (1 operation=1 credit). Operation = module run on a bundle (5 emails=5 operations). Trigger = once/run, regardless of bundle count. Handled error=0. Make's AI often costs +1; third-party stays at 1.
Logic available
Logic: IF/Switch (conditions), Loop Over Items (loops), Wait (delay, fixed time, webhook `$execution.resumeUrl`, form), no max duration. Errors: error workflow (email/Slack), Stop And Error; no automatic retry (07/09/2026).Branching: routers, filters, aggregators. 5 handlers: Skip, Retry, Resume, Commit, Rollback. Failures replayed via “incomplete executions” (increasing backoff, 3 attempts by default); plus cycle cap and deactivation threshold.
Custom code
Code accepts JS/Python, native (task runners) from n8n 1.111.0 (Pyodide removed in n8n 2). Restriction: library, not tier — no npm/Python on Cloud, allowed self-hosted if `n8nio/runners` includes them. Available from entry tier.Two custom-code routes (2026-09-07): custom functions from Pro up (absent on Free/Core); custom apps on all five tiers, in IML (mustache-like, JS-like syntax). Free HTTP via the app directory. Python absent from docs tested.
Trigger frequency
Schedule Trigger: seconds to months, plus cron (`*/10 * * * * *` = 10 s); no minimum delay or per-tier restriction (07/09/2026). Published cap: concurrency — 5 on Starter, 20 on Pro, “200+” on Enterprise, overflow queued FIFO.Minimum interval between scheduled runs, by tier (2026-09-07): 15 min (Free), 1 min (Core, Pro, Teams, Enterprise) — no paid tier below a minute. Dedicated help page: navigation only (JS), unconfirmed.
Run history
Contradiction on Enterprise retention: 365 days (pricing; 7 on Starter, 30 on Pro/Business) vs “unlimited...retention time” (50,000 max, Cloud docs). Not adjudicating. Replay everywhere except queued; alerts: error workflow.Retention: 7 days (Free), 30 (Core/Pro/Teams), 60 (Enterprise), search from Pro. Failed-run replay via “incomplete executions” (off by default), manual/auto, deleted 30 days after resolution. Alert: “Errors Before Deactivation.”
Self-hosting
Free self-hosting, non-open-source licence (Sustainable Use License, “fair-code”): internal/non-commercial/personal use only; redistribution free and non-commercial; licensing notices untouchable. Paid white-labelling and paid hosting forbidden; Enterprise licences exist. Without a key: free Community indefinite, lacking SSO and Git.No self-hosted edition published (AWS, five tiers). Only customer part: on-premise agent (relays to Make's cloud, Java 11+, owner/admin/app dev). Contradiction: help reserves it to Enterprise, pricing checks all five tiers.
What comes out of it
Export formats
Exports come from nodes, not a menu: “Convert to File” writes CSV, XLSX, JSON and more; a workflow also exports as JSON from the editor. No per-plan cap mentioned (07/09/2026).Only documented export: the JSON blueprint (three dots > export blueprint), import capped at 2 MB. No CSV, XLSX, PDF, Sheets or Looker Studio export published (pricing, blueprints page) as of 2026-09-07, and no per-plan cap.
Shareable reports
Only published reporting: the “Insights” dashboard (workflow performance over time), opening at Pro (7 days, 30 on Business/Startup); data kept 365 days, 730 max. No scheduled report or white-labelling (07/09/2026).No scheduled report, public link or white-label feature is listed in the plan comparison (2026-09-07); only the JSON blueprint and “scenario templates” are documented as sharing. Dedicated help page: navigation only (JS).
API access
REST API included, no paid add-on: key created in Settings > n8n API, sent via `X-N8N-API-KEY`. Unavailable on free trial (upgrade required); granular scopes are Enterprise-only. No quota/rate limit published (07/09/2026).The Make API is included from the Core tier up, with a per-minute, per-organization quota: 60 (Core), 120 (Pro), 240 (Teams), 1,000 (Enterprise). Authentication uses an HTTP token or OAuth 2.0.
What it connects to
Native integrations
The integrations page announces 2,147 integrations (07/09/2026, JS-rendered). The three that matter: HTTP Request (catch-all REST API), Google Sheets (row-level operations) and Postgres, listed native.Make advertises 3,000+ apps, counter at 3604 results in “All Apps” (2026-09-07, JS page). Key verified connectors: Google Sheets, Slack, OpenAI (ChatGPT, Sora, Whisper); otherwise connection to any app with an API.
Google tools it connects to
Native Google nodes: Sheets, Analytics, Ads and others (BigQuery, Drive...). Analytics has only two operations (Report > Get, User Activity > Search), no API version. Neither Search Console nor Looker Studio as of 07/09/2026.Google Sheets is a native app in Make's directory as of 2026-09-07. Analytics, Ads, Search Console and Looker Studio did not appear in the rendered portion of the catalog (partial JS page): presence or absence inconclusive.
Bringing your existing data across
Data take-over only in n8n's format: JSON import (file/URL), node copy-paste, CLI, API. No competitor import, field mapping or migration help (07/09/2026). Exported JSON includes credential names/IDs.No competitor migration tool, no field mapping, no migration assistance published (2026-09-07); only documented import: Make's own JSON blueprint. Named assistance, Enterprise-only: a Make Value Engineers program.
Getting started, and the fine print
Support
The forum, free for every user, is the baseline channel; the only support listed from Starter to Startup. Fast channel opens at Enterprise: dedicated portal and SLA. Languages and hours not published (07/09/2026).Support by tier: Free, 90-day expert access; Core/Pro, support from experts; Teams, priority guidance from consultants; Enterprise, 24/7 from senior specialists — 24/7 opens at Enterprise. Language/hours not published elsewhere.
Where the data is hosted
n8n Cloud runs on Azure; hardware and data in the EU (single region, no residency choice), more locations planned. Encryption at rest: Azure Storage, AES256, FIPS-140-2. No contradiction across the pages.Hosting is identical across all five tiers: “AWS (EU/North America),” private EC2 instances (VPC), cluster over two zones; Enterprise runs in a separately managed AWS environment. No named region, no way to choose (2026-09-07).
What happens if you leave
Monthly refunds only (14 days, after cancelling); annual non-refundable, paid upfront; monthly access to month's end. Content deleted 6 months after deactivation (30-day warning email); expired trial: 90 days to export.The contract: no refunds, fees non-cancelable once ordered, auto-renewal unless canceled before the charge. Export is possible only during the subscription. The DPA sets 30 days post-termination to destroy or return personal data.
Minimum seats billed
None. Pricing is not per seat: unlimited users/workflows, no minimum billed headcount. Capped instead: shared projects — 1 on Starter, 3 on Pro, 6 on Startup, unlimited on Business/Enterprise — not people.None. All five tiers show unlimited users, with access shared to collaborate on workflows; billing is on monthly credits, not seats, and no minimum is published (neither on the pricing page nor in the contract).
Data residency and regulated cloud
n8n Cloud: hosted outside the US, on Azure; self-hosting lets the customer pick the region, US included (AWS, GCP). Own certs: SOC 2 Type 2 (Enterprise-only), SOC 3 (public). No FedRAMP, StateRAMP, GovCloud, or HIPAA BAA.Make names 2 US zones (us1, us2.make.com), AWS EC2/VPC, no region. Contradiction: it claims itself ISO27001+SOC2/3-certified, yet assigns SOC2 to the hosts and the ISO cert to Celonis SE. FedRAMP, StateRAMP, GovCloud, BAA absent.
What it costs
The entry price and what it includes
Starter, 20 EUR/month (annual, “Save 17%”): 2,500 executions, 1 project, 5 concurrent, 7d of logs, 2,300 AI credits/month. Past the tier: >2,500 executions or a 2nd project. Pro trial, 14d: 1,000 executions, 800 credits, no card. Vendor publishes its grid in euros.First paid tier: Core, USD 12/month for 10,000 credits/month (2026-09-07). It lifts 5 Free limits: unlimited scenarios, minute-level triggers, API at 60 calls/min, among others. Beyond 10,000 credits/month, more must be purchased. Vendor publishes its grid in dollars.
What pushes the bill up
Pro to Business beats volume: 50 to 667 EUR/month (annual), ~13x, for SSO/SAML/LDAP, separate environments, Git. AI: 2,300/13,700 cap, non-refundable annual prepayment. Startup 333 EUR/month (annual): <20 staff, <5M EUR raised.Cost driver: credits. Make's AI often costs +1 credit (variable); quotas scale with credits bought — 10,000/month = 5 GB transfer, 10 MB storage, 10 MB incomplete executions (2 GB max), webhook queue 667 (10,000 max). Credits lost at term end, alerts 75/90%.
Sales tax and nexus
n8n doesn't itself charge tax: its merchant of record, Paddle, collects it. Prices are tax-exclusive, customer liable; Enterprise terms additionally require a gross-up on withholding. No state, no nexus, no dedicated tax page.Make (Celonis, Inc.) sells in its own name, charges sales tax due upfront (MSA March 2026); exemption available on request (updated 2026-01-16). No state list, calc basis or nexus owner; pricing page shows USD prices with no tax.
Procurement and invoicing
Non-card billing opens at annual Business (invoice, wire), via DocuSign, in euros or dollars; below that, only card (via Paddle). Enterprise sets a 15-day term, not net-30, and excludes customer purchase orders. ACH, W-9 absent.Contract entity Celonis, Inc., NY law/courts. Core/Pro/Teams: card, wallets (Apple Pay, Google Pay, etc.), US ACH — $0/12/21/38/month for 10,000 credits, 15% off annually. Non-card billing = Enterprise. No PO, net-30, or W-9.

Key takeaways

n8n’s merchant of record collects the tax, and the fine print adds a gross-up

n8n does not itself charge sales tax: Paddle, standing as merchant of record, handles that instead, with prices quoted tax-exclusive and the customer named as liable for it. Enterprise terms go further still, requiring a gross-up on any withholding tax — a clause easy to miss, since no state list and no dedicated tax page accompanies it anywhere.

Make sells in its own name, and still won’t name a state

Make, selling as Celonis, Inc., charges sales tax due upfront, with exemption available only on request and no state list, calculation basis, or nexus owner published on its pricing page. Its own pages separately claim Make itself is ISO 27001 and SOC 2 or SOC 3 certified, yet assign the ISO 27001 to Celonis SE, its parent company, and the SOC 2 to its hosts instead.

One vendor lets you pick the region; the other doesn’t let you pick at all

n8n Cloud runs on Azure, with hardware and data held in a single EU region and no residency choice offered there; self-hosting instead lets a customer choose the region, the United States included, on AWS or GCP. Make names two US zones, us1 and us2 on make.com, on AWS EC2 and VPC, with no specific region ever named and no residency choice on any of its five tiers.

Non-card billing needs a DocuSign at one vendor, a US bank account at the other

n8n opens non-card billing only on an annual Business plan — invoice or wire, signed through DocuSign, in euros or dollars — while Enterprise sets a fifteen-day payment term rather than net-30 and excludes customer purchase orders outright; ACH and a W-9 are absent. Make accepts card, digital wallets, and US ACH on its Core, Pro, and Teams tiers, reserving any other method for Enterprise, with no purchase order, net-30 term, or W-9 published either.

Both vendors’ own app counts disagree with their own documentation

n8n’s integrations page states two thousand one hundred forty-seven integrations, while its own documentation describes only “hundreds of nodes,” with no total ever settled between the two pages. Make’s directory advertises over three thousand apps, a counter reading three thousand six hundred four the day it was checked, against “a thousand-plus standard apps” in its own product description.

The entry price is published in a different currency on each side

n8n’s Starter tier costs twenty euros a month billed annually, for two thousand five hundred executions and one project. Make’s Core tier costs twelve US dollars a month for ten thousand credits — two different currencies, two different units of measurement, and neither one settling the other’s tax question.

Frequently asked questions

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Who actually collects sales tax on an n8n subscription?
n8n itself doesn’t charge tax: its merchant of record, Paddle, collects it instead, with prices listed tax-exclusive and the customer held liable; Enterprise terms additionally require a gross-up on withholding, and no state or nexus is named anywhere. Make, sold directly by Celonis, Inc., charges sales tax due upfront itself, with exemption available on request but no published state list or nexus owner either.
Can n8n be self-hosted for free, unlike Make?
Yes: n8n offers free self-hosting under its own Sustainable Use License, a fair-code, non-open-source license restricted to internal, non-commercial or personal use, with paid white-labelling and paid hosting forbidden and the license notices untouchable; without a license key, the free Community edition runs indefinitely but lacks SSO and Git. Make publishes no self-hosted edition at all, offering only an on-premise agent that relays to its own cloud.
Does n8n Cloud host data inside the United States?
No: n8n Cloud is hosted outside the US, on Azure, though self-hosting lets a customer pick the region, the US included, on AWS or GCP; n8n holds SOC 2 Type 2 on Enterprise only and a public SOC 3, with no FedRAMP, StateRAMP, GovCloud or HIPAA BAA. Make instead names two US zones, us1 and us2.make.com, on AWS, but likewise has none of those four, and hands its own ISO certificate to its parent company rather than to Make itself.

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